Brief review of 1 Samuel 1 through Samuel 2:4
Hannah’s prayer for a son.
Samuel’s birth and dedication.
Israel’s desire for a king.
1 Samuel 8:4-5
4 Finally, all the elders of Israel met at Ramah to discuss the matter with Samuel. 5 “Look,” they told him, “you are now old, and your sons are not like you. Give us a king to judge us like all the other nations have.”
God gives Israel a king.
The story of Saul and Ishbosheth.
The nation of Israel is falling apart. Its leadership is gone, and the nation is on the verge of an escalating civil war.
2 Samuel 3:1 NLT
3:1 That was the beginning of a long war between those who were loyal to Saul and those loyal to David. As time passed David became stronger and stronger, while Saul’s dynasty became weaker and weaker.
Saul is dead.
Abner and Ishbosheth have been murdered.
We are about to see how God uses David to restore Israel and Judah back into one nation.
2 Samuel 5:1-10 NLT
David Becomes King of All Israel
5:1 Then all the tribes of Israel went to David at Hebron and told him, “We are your own flesh and blood. 2 In the past, when Saul was our king, you were the one who really led the forces of Israel. And the Lord told you, ‘You will be the shepherd of my people Israel. You will be Israel’s leader.’”
3 So there at Hebron, King David made a covenant before the Lord with all the elders of Israel. And they anointed him king of Israel.
4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in all. 5 He had reigned over Judah from Hebron for seven years and six months, and from Jerusalem he reigned over all Israel and Judah for thirty-three years.
David Captures Jerusalem
6 David then led his men to Jerusalem to fight against the Jebusites, the original inhabitants of the land who were living there. The Jebusites taunted David, saying, “You’ll never get in here! Even the blind and lame could keep you out!” For the Jebusites thought they were safe. 7 But David captured the fortress of Zion, which is now called the City of David.
8 On the day of the attack, David said to his troops, “I hate those ‘lame’ and ‘blind’ Jebusites. Whoever attacks them should strike by going into the city through the water tunnel.” That is the origin of the saying, “The blind and the lame may not enter the house.”
9 So David made the fortress his home, and he called it the City of David. He extended the city, starting at the supporting terraces and working inward. 10 And David became more and more powerful, because the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies was with him.
Examine the Scriptures
2 Samuel 5:1-10 NLT
David Becomes King of All Israel
This story is also found in 1 Chronicles 11:1-9
5:1 Then all the tribes of Israel went to David at Hebron and told him, “We are your own flesh and blood.
Ishbosheth, Saul’s son, was dead and the northern kingdom (Israel) no longer had a king.
The Northern kingdom is asking David to become their king.
All the tribes of Israel.
In 1 Chronicles 12:23-40 the tribes are listed along with the number of warriors from each of the tribes.
1 Chronicles 12:38 NLT
38 All these men came in battle array to Hebron with the single purpose of making David the king over all Israel. In fact, everyone in Israel agreed that David should be their king.
They recognize the fact that Judah and Israel come from the family of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
- The Northern kingdom asked David to become their king.
2 In the past, when Saul was our king, you were the one who really led the forces of Israel. And the Lord told you, ‘You will be the shepherd of my people Israel. You will be Israel’s leader.’”
David was an Israelite. (Deuteronomy 17:15)*
David was Israel’s best warrior and commander.
The Northern kingdom knew that it was God’s will for David to be their king.
- David was God’s choice to be Israel’s king.
God is sovereign and had a plan for David long before this story began.
- David anointed king by Samuel
1 Samuel 16:1 & 13 NLT
Samuel Anoints David as King
Now the Lord said to Samuel, “You have mourned long enough for Saul. I have rejected him as king of Israel, so fill your flask with olive oil and go to Bethlehem. Find a man named Jesse who lives there, for I have selected one of his sons to be my king.”
13 So as David stood there among his brothers, Samuel took the flask of olive oil he had brought and anointed David with the oil. And the Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon David from that day on. Then Samuel returned to Ramah.
This anointing in 1 Samuel 16 was a private ceremony.
- David was anointed king by the people of Judah. (His second oil anointing.)
2 Samuel 2:1-7 NLT
David Anointed King of Judah
2:1 After this, David asked the Lord, “Should I move back to one of the towns of Judah?”
“Yes,” the Lord replied.
Then David asked, “Which town should I go to?”
“To Hebron,” the Lord answered.
2 David’s two wives were Ahinoam from Jezreel and Abigail, the widow of Nabal from Carmel. So David and his wives 3 and his men and their families all moved to Judah, and they settled in the villages near Hebron. 4 Then the men of Judah came to David and anointed him king over the people of Judah.
When David heard that the men of Jabesh-gilead had buried Saul, 5 he sent them this message: “May the Lord bless you for being so loyal to your master Saul and giving him a decent burial. 6 May the Lord be loyal to you in return and reward you with his unfailing love! And I, too, will reward you for what you have done. 7 Now that Saul is dead, I ask you to be my strong and loyal subjects like the people of Judah, who have anointed me as their new king.”
Another reminder of God’s sovereignty.
2 Samuel 3:10 NLT
10 I’m (God is speaking here) going to take Saul’s kingdom and give it to David. I will establish the throne of David over Israel as well as Judah, all the way from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south.”
3 So there at Hebron, King David made a covenant before the Lord with all the elders of Israel.
David as well as all of the Elders of Israel took this appointment very seriously.
- King David made a covenant before the Lord with all the elders of Israel.
Deuteronomy 17:14-20 NLT
Guidelines for a King
14 “You are about to enter the land the Lord your God is giving you. When you take it over and settle there, you may think, ‘We should select a king to rule over us like the other nations around us.’ * 15 If this happens, be sure to select as king the man the Lord your God chooses. You must appoint a fellow Israelite; he may not be a foreigner.
16 “The king must not build up a large stable of horses for himself or send his people to Egypt to buy horses, for the Lord has told you, ‘You must never return to Egypt.’ 17 The king must not take many wives for himself, because they will turn his heart away from the Lord. And he must not accumulate large amounts of wealth in silver and gold for himself.
18 “When he sits on the throne as king, he must copy for himself this body of instruction on a scroll in the presence of the Levitical priests. 19 He must always keep that copy with him and read it daily as long as he lives. That way he will learn to fear the Lord his God by obeying all the terms of these instructions and decrees. 20 This regular reading will prevent him from becoming proud and acting as if he is above his fellow citizens. It will also prevent him from turning away from these commands in the smallest way. And it will ensure that he and his descendants will reign for many generations in Israel.
And they anointed him king of Israel.
David anointed king here in 2 Samuel 5
In a public ceremony. (A third oil anointing.)
- David is anointed King of Israel in a public ceremony. (A third oil anointing.)
- The 12 tribes were once again unified.
Application for today: (Apply to our current events.)
Romans 13:1 NLT
Everyone must submit to governing authorities. For all authority comes from God, and those in positions of authority have been placed there by God.
Daniel 2:21 & 21 NLT
20“Praise the name of God forever and ever,
for he has all wisdom and power.
21 He controls the course of world events;
he removes kings and sets up other kings.
He gives wisdom to the wise
and knowledge to the scholars.
Proverbs 21:1 NLT
21:1 The king’s heart is like a stream of water directed by the Lord;
he guides it wherever he pleases.
- God controls the course of world events; he removes kings and sets up other kings.
4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in all. 5 He had reigned over Judah from Hebron for seven years and six months, and from Jerusalem he reigned over all Israel and Judah for thirty-three years.
David Captures Jerusalem
This story is also found in 1 Chronicles 11:4-9
- David reigned over all Israel and Judah for thirty-three years.
- David decides to relocate the capitol.
Jerusalem was excellently fortified because of its elevation and the surrounding deep valleys.
Jerusalem had a good water supply, the Gihon Spring.
Jerusalem was close to trade routes.
6 David then led his men to Jerusalem to fight against the Jebusites, the original inhabitants of the land who were living there.
The Jebusites were Canaanites still living in the Promised Land.
Joshua 15:63 NLT
63 But the tribe of Judah could not drive out the Jebusites, who lived in the city of Jerusalem, so the Jebusites live there among the people of Judah to this day.
The city of Jerusalem had remained under Jebusite control from the time Joshua entered the Promised Land.
The Jebusites taunted David, saying, “You’ll never get in here! Even the blind and lame could keep you out!” For the Jebusites thought they were safe.
The Jebusites were overly confident of their security. They felt that their fortress was so secure that even the blind and lame could keep out David and his men.
7 But David captured the fortress of Zion,
- David captured the fortress of Zion.
which is now called the City of David.
The city had not been completely conquered previously.
8 On the day of the attack, David said to his troops, “I hate those ‘lame’ and ‘blind’ Jebusites.
Whoever attacks them should strike by going into the city through the water tunnel.”
It appears that David knew of a secret tunnel.
A tunnel that channeled the city’s water supply from the Gihon Spring outside the city walls.
1 Chronicles 11: 6 NLT
David had said to his troops, “Whoever is first to attack the Jebusites will become the commander of my armies!” And Joab, the son of David’s sister Zeruiah, was first to attack, so he became the commander of David’s armies.
That is the origin of the saying, “The blind and the lame may not enter the house.”
David may have begun calling his enemies the blind and the lame. ? ? ?
9 So David made the fortress his home, and he called it the City of David.
Read:
1 Chronicles 11:4-9
David Captures Jerusalem
4 Then David and all Israel went to Jerusalem (or Jebus, as it used to be called), where the Jebusites, the original inhabitants of the land, were living. 5 The people of Jebus taunted David, saying, “You’ll never get in here!” But David captured the fortress of Zion, which is now called the City of David.
6 David had said to his troops, “Whoever is first to attack the Jebusites will become the commander of my armies!” And Joab, the son of David’s sister Zeruiah, was first to attack, so he became the commander of David’s armies.
7 David made the fortress his home, and that is why it is called the City of David. 8 He extended the city from the supporting terraces to the surrounding area, while Joab rebuilt the rest of Jerusalem. 9 And David became more and more powerful, because the Lord of Heaven’s Armies was with him.
Mount Zion and Mount Ophel were consolidated into one entity.
On the border between Judah and the northern territories.
He extended the city, starting at the supporting terraces and working inward.
- David extended the city.
10 And David became more and more powerful, because the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies was with him.
God was with David.
